A thorough investigation into the effect of the hand-hold position on the electromagnetic (EM) wave interaction of a clamshell-type cellular handset and a human is presented in this paper. A FDTD-based platform, SEMCAD-X, is used to achieve the simulations, where two semi-realistic handset models of different external-antenna attachment positions (left and rightside) are designed with the most parts configuration and operating at different GSM-frequency standards (GSM-900, GSM-1800/DCS, and UMTS/IMT-2000). Moreover, homogeneous and heterogeneous CAD models are used to simulate the user’s head, whereas, a homogeneous model with three different tissues is designed to simulate the user’s hand-hold. The antenna performance, as well as, the specific absorption rate (SAR) in tissues are both examined for different (42) possible cases, where several antenna/hand positions are considered in simulation.

The impact of human head with different originations on the induced SAR owing to the RF emissions of different cellular handset models is intensively investigated in this paper. Four homogeneous head phantoms with normal (non-pressed) ears are designed and used in simulations for evaluating the electromagnetic (EM) wave interaction between handset antennas and human head at 900 and 1800 MHz with radiated power of 0.25 and 0.125W, respectively. The Difference in heads dimensions due to different origins shows different EM wave interaction with cellular handsets.

Network multimedia applications constitute a large part of Internet traffic and present a big challenge because of their sensitivity to delay, packet loss and higher bandwidth requirement. The need for guaranteed delivery and lower delay is caused by propagation of more the one domain. The domains used in this paper are co-operating and communicating with each other and all of them support IPv6 QoS. Therefore, there is a need for IP QoS management model that handles and manages QoS requests and cooperate with other QoS schemes. In this paper, the IPv6 QoS manager is tested when the QoS of traffic flows propagate two and three domains. The IPv6 QoS manager handles QoS requests by either processing them locally if the intended destination is located locally or forwarding them to the neighboring domains that are managed by IPv6 QoS managers. Two simulation scenarios are presented in this paper, intra domain, one domain, and inter domains, two and three domains. End-to-end delay results for the different scenarios have approved that this QoS model can work either in intra or inter domains. In addition to the delay, packets are policed and degraded to lower priority if they exceed their initial traffic rates. This proves that the IPv6 QoS model is flexible and not restricted to one domain. Also, end-to-end QoS has been achieved with one admission and management unit instead of individual and independent management and admission units as in the case of IntServ.

We present a model of web-based learning for teaching Visual Programming in Delphi, by adopting individual learning styles. A software system was developed for this purpose where two learning models (namely; 4MAT system and PBL system) are implemented. The goal of this research is to examine the influence of the two selected models on students of different learning styles enrolled in a web-based programming course.

Students were randomly divided into two groups, one for each learning model, and are given access to a website designed specifically for this purpose. Pre and post-tests were carried out.

A controlled evaluation is currently underway to assess the impacts of the system on students programming skills as well as their attitudes surrounding the use of available web facilities.

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This paper describes the design and fabrication of an intelligent gate system that allows only certain vehicles or cars passing through the gate. It is very important to design an intelligent gate to control the flow of entered people or vehicles to the premises. The gate system should have capabilities to control the gate, where only specified vehicles or cars are allowed to enter the premises. The gate will open when the known vehicles are identified. The gate will not open if unauthorized vehicles try to pass. The system is a combination of mechanical, electrical and electronic components. It is one of the mechatronics engineering products. This intelligent gate system is suitable to be installed at universities, companies where only certain vehicles are allowed to enter. The list of certain vehicles must be stored in the database of the system. When the unknown vehicles try to pass through the gate, the gate will show a warning signal to the driver that they are unauthorized.

This paper predicts the effect of the user’s hand-hold position on the Total Isotropic Sensitivity (TIS) of GSM900/1800 mobile phone antennas of realistic in-use conditions, where different semi-realistic mobile phone models, i.e., candy bar and clamshell, as well as different antenna types, i.e., external and internal, are simulated using a FDTD-based platform. A semi-realistic hand model consisting of three tissues and the SAM head are used in simulations. The results show a considerable impact on TIS of the adopted mobile phone models owing to the user’s hand presence at different positions, where a maximum level of TIS is obtained while grasping the upper part of the mobile phone against head. Maximum TIS levels are recorded in talk position for mobile phones with external antenna and maximum differences in TIS levels due to the hand-hold alteration are recorded for clamshell-type phones.